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Fertility by education, income, and language

Statistical offices rarely publish TFR by income or by language spoken at home. Where they do publish a close official split — schooling, DHS wealth quintiles, or U.S. Hispanic origin — the numbers are here. Nothing on this page is modelled.

United States by education

NCHS last published TFR by the mother’s educational attainment for 2019. Later final-births reports split TFR by race and Hispanic origin, not by schooling.

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U.S. total fertility rate by educational attainment, 2019

TFR is births per woman (NCHS publishes per 1,000 women; figures here are divided by 1,000). This is the latest NCHS table that splits TFR by education. Later final-births reports publish TFR by race and Hispanic origin, not by schooling.

TFR 2019

Source table · DOI

Source: NCHS National Vital Statistics Reports vol. 70 no. 5, Table 1 — total fertility rate by educational attainment of the mother, 2019.

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Education in DHS surveys

Latest Demographic and Health Survey from 2015 onward with TFR by education. Groups are not the same as U.S. degree categories, and surveys are not a comparable time series.

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TFR by education — Nigeria 2024

DHS education groups are No education, Primary, Secondary, and Higher. TFR is for the three years before interview.

TFR

National TFR in this survey: 4.8 (NG2024DHS). The National bar is the published all-women figure, not an average of the groups.

Source: DHS STATcompiler, total fertility rate (FE_FRTR_W_TFR) by education and wealth quintile, latest Demographic and Health Survey from 2015 onward.

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Wealth quintile in DHS surveys

The same surveys, split by household wealth quintile. This is an asset index, not income, wages, or a poverty line.

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TFR by wealth quintile — Nigeria 2024

DHS household wealth quintile, not income. TFR is for the three years before interview.

TFR

National TFR in this survey: 4.8 (NG2024DHS). The National bar is the published all-women figure, not an average of the groups.

Source: DHS STATcompiler, total fertility rate (FE_FRTR_W_TFR) by education and wealth quintile, latest Demographic and Health Survey from 2015 onward.

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Language spoken at home in the United States

Birth certificates do not record language. There is no official TFR by language spoken at home. Hispanic origin is the closest published TFR split for the largest non-English language community (Spanish). ACS fertility tables also omit language.

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U.S. total fertility rate by race and Hispanic origin, 2023

U.S. birth certificates do not record language spoken at home, so there is no official TFR by language. Hispanic origin is the closest published split for the largest non-English language community (Spanish). Non-Hispanic groups are single race. Rates are NCHS TFR per 1,000 women divided by 1,000.

TFR 2023

Source table · DOI

Source: NCHS National Vital Statistics Reports vol. 74 no. 1, Table 2 and Table 11 — total fertility rate by race and Hispanic origin of the mother, 2023.

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Spanish is the main non-English language at home in the ACS; it is not the same as Hispanic origin, and origin is not the same as nativity. A real language-at-home TFR would have to be built from ACS PUMS as a general fertility rate (births in the last 12 months), which is not the NCHS period TFR. We do not invent that table.

U.S. race time series, Austria origin TFR, Kosovo ethnicity, and the income–fertility scatter: Fertility by race, origin & income. Regional maps, including Saudi Arabia’s census split of Saudi vs all residents: Saudi Arabia map · Middle East provinces.