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Total fertility rate: children a woman would have at that year's age-specific birth rates. Replacement is about 2.1.
How the numbers are shown
Bars share one scale for the whole race, so a country that grows never gets a shorter bar because another grew faster; arrows show places gained or lost. Only years a source actually published are shown, and only when most of the countries in the selection report them, so nothing is filled in between. In a line race the view drifts right and the scale follows the numbers on screen.
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1960–2025
PlayLargest populations
Total population, 1960–2025 · top 15 highest
China, India and the rest of the world's most populous countries since 1960.
2025
India1.5BChina1.4BUnited States341.8MIndonesia285.7MPakistan255.2MOpen ranking →
1960–2024
PlayLowest fertility
Births per woman (TFR), 1960–2024 · top 15 lowest
Which countries had the fewest births per woman each year, from 1960 to now.
2024
South Korea0.75Hong Kong0.84Puerto Rico0.92Singapore0.97Ukraine0.99Open ranking →
1960–2024
PlayHighest fertility
Births per woman (TFR), 1960–2024 · top 15 highest
The world's highest fertility rates, year by year.
2024
Chad6.03Somalia6.01DR Congo5.98Central African Republic5.95Niger5.94Open ranking →
1960–2024
PlayLowest fertility — Europe
Births per woman (TFR), 1960–2024 · top 15 lowest
Europe's lowest fertility, from the post-war baby boom to today.
2024
Ukraine0.99Spain1.10Lithuania1.11Poland1.14Estonia1.18Open ranking →
1960–2024
PlayLowest birth rates
Births per 1,000 people, 1960–2024 · top 15 lowest
Fewest births per 1,000 people — where ageing and low fertility meet.
2024
South Korea4.7Hong Kong4.9Ukraine5.5Japan5.7Puerto Rico5.7Open ranking →
1970–2025
PlayLargest economies
GDP (current US$), 1970–2025 · top 15 highest
The biggest economies in current U.S. dollars, 1960 to now.
2025
United States30.8TChina19.5TGermany5.1TJapan4.4TUnited Kingdom4TOpen ranking →
1960–2024
PlayLongest life expectancy
Life expectancy at birth, 1960–2024 · top 15 highest
Where people live longest, year by year.
2024
Hong Kong85.4Kuwait84.6Switzerland84.4Sweden84.1Japan84.0Open ranking →
1990–2024
PlayMost foreign-born residents
Foreign-born residents, 1990–2024 · top 15 highest
The countries with the most residents born abroad, 1990–2024.
2024
United States52.4MGermany16.8MSaudi Arabia13.7MUnited Kingdom11.8MFrance9.2MOpen ranking →
2000–2025
PlayLargest refugee hosts
Refugees hosted, 2000–2025 · top 15 highest
Which countries host the most refugees, from UNHCR's year-end counts.
2025
Germany2.7MTürkiye2.4MUganda1.9MChad1.5MBangladesh1.2MOpen ranking →
1960–2025
PlayLargest net emigration
Net migration, 1960–2025 · top 15 lowest
The largest net losses to emigration each year.
2025
Pakistan-1,235,336India-495,753Bangladesh-402,100Nepal-364,699Germany-334,072Open ranking →
Special rankings
Hand-built series from sources outside the main database.
1990–2024
PlayBorn in Muslim-majority countries — Europe
Foreign-born stock, 1990–2024
Foreign-born stock from Muslim-majority countries of birth (UN DESA) — not a count of Muslims. People born in Germany, France, the UK, etc. to Muslim or migrant parents are not included.
2024
Germany4.3MFrance4.2MItaly2MUnited Kingdom1.7MSpain1.5MOpen ranking →
1960–2100
PlayEurope by population
Total residents, 1960–2100
Country rankings for total population from World Bank history through UN WPP 2024 medium projections — Russia, Germany, and the rest of Europe over decades.
2100
Russian Federation126.4MUnited Kingdom74.3MGermany70.9MFrance68.5MItaly35.4MOpen ranking →
Related insights
Other charts and country pages on the same theme.
Sources & citation
birthrate.io, "Rankings". https://www.birthrate.io/stories (accessed 12 November 2026).
Please cite the original statistical agency for the underlying figures. Charts and tables on this page may be reused with attribution.