Overview
Key figures and core demographic trends for France.
Population
68.7M
Fertility Rate
1.61
Life Expectancy
83.0y
GDP / capita
$49K
Pop. Growth
0.25%
Net Migration
91.7K
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Provisional fertility nowcast
Source: National Statistical Offices or Ministries of Health / Interior · compiled by @BirthGauge. Full nowcast table · provisional, may be revised.
YTD births (4 mo) -1.8% YoY
TFR 2024
1.61
TFR 2025
1.56
TFR 2026
1.53
Births YTD (4 mo)
205.7K
Rates per 1,000 people per year — not absolute birth or death counts. When the birth rate exceeds the death rate, natural increase is positive (before migration).
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Economy
National accounts and international trade.
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Exports & imports
International trade for France — product exports and imports from OEC / BACI.
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Migration
Net migration, permits, and the foreign-born population of France, plus where migrants come from and where the diaspora lives.
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First residence permits issued during the year to non-EU citizens for employment-related reasons, by citizenship of the permit holder. EU free-movement workers are not included. National administrative definitions of “employment” permits vary; figures are not identical to every country’s domestic “work permit” count. Eurostat table.
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OECD definition: unemployed share of the labour force among native-born vs foreign-born residents aged 15–64. National offices (e.g. Statistics Sweden) may publish slightly different figures for other age bands or months — we show the internationally comparable OECD series. Latest: native-born 6.9%, foreign-born 11.1% (2024).
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Largest foreign-born communities in France by country of birth (2024) · arrow shows change since 2010.
Source: UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024
Top destinations for people born in France who now live abroad (2024) · arrow shows change since 2010.
Source: UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024
Demography
Age structure, projections, and population composition.
That is 22% smaller than in 2025. The animation freezes the latest fertility rate. It is a model, not an official forecast. UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium is 68 million in 2100 — higher than this run (low 49 million, high 93 million). UN lets fertility change over the century and includes some migration; this run does not.
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- Men born in the country
- Men born abroad
- Women born in the country
- Women born abroad
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Source & definition: Live births by parents' place of birth (INED/INSEE). 'France-born' parents include those born in France's overseas territories.
Each country's statistical office defines “migrant background” differently (mother's citizenship, country of birth, or parents' origin), so figures are not directly comparable across countries and may be out of date. Always check the cited source for the latest official numbers.
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Mortality & longevity
Life expectancy, death rates and child mortality as far back as vital registration and historical reconstructions allow (from 1960), plus infant and maternal mortality.
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Pre-1960 life expectancy and long child-mortality series are from Our World in Data (Riley, Zijdeman et al., HMD, UN). Historic crude death rates cover countries in the Human Mortality Database only — Sweden from 1751, France from 1816, and so on. Crude rates are not age-standardized.
Health, education & infrastructure
Spending, capacity and attainment. Coverage is thinner than for demographic series — most figures come from periodic surveys rather than continuous registration.
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Society, housing & beliefs
Family, crime, housing and religion indicators.
Homicide rate
1.3
Divorce rate
1.9
Births outside marriage
62.0%
Home ownership
65.0%
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- Christian58.0%
- Unaffiliated31.0%
- Muslim8.0%
- Buddhist1.0%
- Jewish1.0%
- Other1.0%
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Crime by ancestry, origin & race
Official statistics where published · definitions differ by country.
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France: only limited comparable crime-by-ancestry statistics. France does not publish crime by ethnicity, ancestry or immigrant background. It does report suspects, convictions and prisoners by citizenship (foreign or French) through Eurostat.
Related sourceShare of persons held in prison with foreign citizenship. This is not a conviction-by-ancestry series.
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Why this country’s demographics matter
Age structure, fertility gaps, and migration change budgets and electorates. This is the constraint, not a manifesto.
France’s relatively high European TFR still sits below replacement; family policy is the political story, not a return to 2.1.
- INSEE period TFR has been among the highest in Western Europe for decades, yet remains under replacement.
- Immigrant vs native-born fertility gaps exist in research literature; cite INSEE/Eurostat carefully and do not invent a religion TFR.
- Pension age and dependency are the fiscal exhibit; births are the lagging input.
The longer argument — pensions, schools, coalitions, and what migration does and does not offset — is on why birthrates matter. The case for a pronatal culture as the response is on what's the solution?. To turn this country’s series into a memo you can forward, open the briefing builder — generate a draft, write it yourself, then expand any paragraph.