🇲🇳Mongolia

Ulaanbaatar

Asia

Upper middle income

MNG

Compare

Population

3.6M

1.3%as of 2025

Fertility Rate

2.50

births/woman

Life Expectancy

72.4y

GDP / capita

$7.1K

Pop. Growth

1.25%

Net Migration

Population over time

Total population · observed (solid) and UN medium projection to 2100 (dashed)

Source: World Bank · UN World Population Prospects 2024

Fertility rate over time

Births per woman · dashed line = replacement (2.1)

Source: World Bank

Where immigrants come from

Largest foreign-born communities in Mongolia by country of birth (2024) · arrow shows change since 2010.

🇨🇳China12.1K(55.4%)

+41%

🇷🇺Russian Federation3.4K(15.7%)

+41%

🇰🇷

Population projections to 2100

Official UN projections — Low / Medium / High variants

Source: UN World Population Prospects 2024

Population pyramid (2025)

Age & sex structure · share of total population by 5-year cohort

Male1.8MTotal 3.6M1.8MFemale

Source: birthrate.io model

GDP per capita over time

Current US$

Source: World Bank

Life expectancy over time

Years at birth

Source: World Bank

Society, housing & beliefs

Family, crime, housing and religion indicators

Homicide rate

5.9

per 100,000

Divorce rate

—

per 1,000

Births outside marriage

—

of births

Home ownership

—

of households

Homicide rate over time

Intentional homicides per 100,000 people

Source: World Bank / UNODC

GDP over time

Current US$

Source: World Bank

Net migration over time

Net migrants per year (immigrants − emigrants)

Source: World Bank

Foreign-born population over time

Immigrant / diaspora population living in the country

Source: World Bank / UN DESA

Foreign-born share over time

Foreign-born residents as % of the population

Source: World Bank / UN DESA

🇺🇸United States906(4.2%)

+40%

🇯🇵Japan470(2.2%)

+40%

🇻🇳Viet Nam314(1.4%)

+40%

🇦🇺Australia262(1.2%)

+39%

🇹🇷Turkiye250(1.1%)

+39%

🇰🇿Kazakhstan238(1.1%)

+40%

🇩🇪Germany206(0.9%)

+39%

🇵🇭Philippines192(0.9%)

+39%

Source: UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024

Where the Mongolia diaspora lives

Top destinations for people born in Mongolia who now live abroad (2024) · arrow shows change since 2010.

🇰🇿Kazakhstan75.8K(43.2%)

+21%

🇰🇷Korea, Rep.45.7K(26.0%)

+238%

🇯🇵Japan20.2K(11.5%)

+384%

🇦🇺Australia11.2K(6.4%)

16×

🇸🇪Sweden6.9K(3.9%)

11×

🇷🇺Russian Federation5.8K(3.3%)

−72%

🇨🇿Czechia5.5K(3.1%)

+13%

🇭🇺Hungary2.1K(1.2%)

+67%

🇨🇳China1.1K(0.6%)

−76%

🇵🇱Poland386(0.2%)

−10%

🇳🇴Norway171(0.1%)

+82%

🇧🇾Belarus162(0.1%)

+1%

Source: UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024